Nye batterier gør, at elbiler ikke længere ligger i reden om vinteren
Elektriske køretøjer med alle-klimabatterier vil blive afsløret ved vinter-OL i Beijing. Ydeevnen og levetiden af dette nye batteri er blevet fuldt verificeret i felttests udført i svært kolde områder i tre år.
"The problem of low temperature resistance of lithium-ion batteries has been solved." This battery technology comes from Wang Chaoyang, an academician of the National Academy of Inventors. He is a technical scientist for power lithium-ion batteries, energy storage and fuel-powered lithium batteries. On November 6, Wang Chaoyang pointed out at the Tencent WE Conference that energy storage technology is a key core technology to achieve the "dual carbon" goal and energy revolution, and has great strategic significance.
Akademiker fra National Academy of Inventors, Wang Chaoyang, en teknisk videnskabsmand i kraftlithium-ionbatterier, energilagring og brændstofdrevne lithiumbatterier.
Foto udlånt af Tencent WE Conference
Batterier er overalt, og nye batteriteknologier bliver ofte nøglen til fremkomsten af nye industrier. Men i løbet af 200 år har batteristrukturen ikke ændret sig meget. Den består af tre materialer: et negativt elektrodemateriale, et positivt elektrodemateriale og en elektrolyt, der adskiller de to. Denne struktur danner naturligt to grænseflader: den ene eksisterer mellem katodematerialet og elektrolytten, og den anden er mellem anodematerialet og elektrolytten. Der er en potentialforskel mellem de to interfaces, som giver spændingen på batteriet.
"Whether we are using the battery or not, the reaction interface in the battery has been working diligently and actively." Wang Chaoyang said, this is also the root cause of the battery's safety hazards and aging.
Lithium-ion-batterier er meget bange for kulde, og elektriske køretøjer kan ligge ned om vinteren: Cruising-rækkevidden er forkortet, og den er svær at oplade.
Batterimaterialet i sig selv kan ikke tilfredsstille både lav temperatur høj aktivitet og høj temperatur stabilitet. Ingeniører skal tilføje et termisk styringssystem til batteriet for at sikre batteriets sikkerhed. Som et resultat vil yderligere batterivægt, volumen og omkostninger blive tilføjet.
Er der en slags batteri, der kan slukke for reaktionsgrænsefladen, når den ikke virker for at forbedre sikkerheden; Når det virker, øge grænsefladen og øge intensiteten for at give den nødvendige høje effekt?
Wang Chaoyang's team has been looking for and exploring such batteries with tunable interfaces.
De har skabt et helt-klimabatteri, som er udgivet i tidsskriftet Nature. Uden at øge elektrolyttens brændbarhed eller ændre elektrodematerialets termiske stabilitet implanterede de en 10 -mikron tyk nikkelfolie inde i batteriet som et varmeelement. Ved at bruge den energi, der følger med batteriet, plus en kontakt, kan batteriets aktivitet justeres efter ønske. Selvom batteriet er frosset i et miljø på minus 30 grader, tager det kun 30 sekunder at opvarme sig selv til over nul og fungere normalt.
Denne teknologi er blevet vedtaget af Vinter-OL 2022 i Beijing og er blevet en af kerneteknologierne til at køre olympiske elektriske køretøjer.
Add a piece of nickel foil, sounds like a pretty easy way. Wang Chaoyang told the Science and Technology Daily reporter that there is a tortuous exploration process behind it. The team has tried various methods and various materials: some have poor safety, some have low energy conversion efficiency, and some are very beautiful in the laboratory, but they still cannot be industrialized..." After 20 years For many years, my own feeling is that simplicity is beauty. Scientific discoveries with real practical value are ultimately the ultimate simplicity." Wang Chaoyang said with emotion, "Innovation requires persistence and perseverance. For so many years, our team has been tracking batteries and energy storage. The problem."
Based on the principle of thermal regulation, the team also invented a 10-minute fast-charging battery. Wang Chaoyang believes that the application and promotion of 10-minute fast-charging batteries is an important milestone in the development of electric vehicles—quick energy replenishment can free electric vehicle owners from mileage anxiety.
Wang Chaoyang's dream is to take a flying car to work before retiring. He pointed out that the biggest technical problem in flying cars is the battery. The requirements for the battery of a flying car are quite high, and it must quickly replenish the battery immediately after each landing. "Our experiments so far have demonstrated the feasibility and economy of a 10-minute fast-charging battery for flying cars."
In fact, fast battery charging and high energy density are both major scientific problems. Wang Chaoyang believes that the real solution should be peer-reviewed, published in a scientific journal, and verified by a third party to be repeatable, and then the market will provide a mass production method. "This is reliable." He emphasized that batteries and energy storage are one of the most important basic technologies in the new energy era and smart society, and will usher in huge innovation opportunities in the next decade.
